Superior Insights Improve Reliability, Availability and Maintainability for Light Rail Rolling Stock Assets
Industry: Rail Sector
Services Required: Reliability, Availability and Maintainability (RAM) Analysis
Location: Melbourne, Australia
Year: 2019
Holistic Asset Management (HolisticAM) partnered with a light rail operator to provide reliability engineering expertise to build Reliability, Availability and Maintainability (RAM) baseline modelling to develop Asset Class Strategies (ACS) for each rolling stock system across 10 classes of trams.
The RAM model offers superior insights into lifecycle cost and asset performance. This provides a rationale for the choice of maintenance and renewal activities and determines how the assets should be managed to meet the performance objectives of the Asset Class, and the broader Asset Management Objectives. The output from the RAM model forms the key input into the development of Technical Maintenance Plans (TMP), which are a part of the Asset Planning Process.
THE CHALLENGE
- Failure reduction was not progressing at an acceptable rate.
- Maintenance needs were not clear.
- A lack of understanding of the impact of TMP changes before implementation (what-if analysis and performance estimates).
- There were multiple asset classes with different classifications at system and sub-system level.
As a result, the client was spending time and resources changing maintenance regimes without knowing the impact they would have on operational availability and level of assurance of performance.
The new approach was needed to understand the current performance level of each asset class at system and sub-system level and determine the most effective way to improve system performance through design improvements or maintenance planning. It would also need to identify vulnerabilities in the system and determine the most effective way to reduce risk by balancing performance and cost.
THE SOLUTION
HolisticAM delivered a RAM model at system, sub-system and component level. The RAM study included data analysis, FMECA, Weibull analysis, and a Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) for each asset class.
Data Analysis
The first step in the RAM study was to perform a purge and filtering of the obtained data to improve their quality. In this data purging process, several different aspects were considered, including the treatment of absent values, usefulness of the records and identification of erroneous data.
Generally, the purging process includes detection and elimination of anomalies, errors, and inconsistencies, along with integration and/ or consolidation when there are several input sources. Once the data had been cleansed, Pareto Analysis was conducted for each system-subsystem-component level for 10 asset classes.
FMECA
ReliaSoft XFMEA tool was used to conduct an FMECA study of each system at component level to identify its functions, functional failure, failure effects, failure causes, current controls and Risk Priority Number (RPN).
Each asset class system hierarchy was built based on the EN 15380-2 standard to standardise the asset classification hierarchy structure.
Failure Distributions
ReliaSoft Weibull++ tool was used to model failure distribution to calculate Beta, Eta and q value.
RBD
Modelling
Critical and Sensibility Analysis
Failure Reporting, Evaluating and Display (FRED) Reports
THE RESULTS
A baseline RAM model has been established, resulting in proper identification of bad actors, identification of areas of vulnerability which can affect operational availability and quantification of which systems/components and associated maintenance activities dominate downtime.
With this knowledge, the system design can be optimised, including its configuration, level of redundancy, component selection and supporting maintenance strategy. As well as suggesting tangible improvements, a RAM programme provides confidence that the system will meet its operational targets and support wider project decision–making.
Next steps – Treat these RAM models as living documents (assets) that collect more data and improve with time, and update RBDs and/or RCM (system hierarchy). Used appropriately, RAM modelling is an effective tool for assessing system reliability, availability and maintainability, and is crucial to support the Asset Life Cycle Planning Process.
